Just 23% of Sunscreens Are Safe and Effective—What Do Experts Say?

Report Reveals Only 1 in 4 Sunscreens Are Safe and Effective

In a striking new report from the Environmental Working Group (EWG), only about 23% of sunscreens on the market are deemed safe and effective for consumers. This alarming statistic stems from an analysis of 2,204 sunscreens, which revealed just 498 products meeting EWG’s stringent criteria.

The report criticizes many sunscreens for containing harmful chemicals, outdated formulas, and misleading SPF protection claims. However, experts caution against taking the findings at face value, suggesting the report may overstate the risks associated with many popular products.

Key Findings of the EWG Report

The EWG’s assessment evaluated sunscreens based on five primary factors: health hazards, UVB and UVA protection levels, the balance of these protections, and the stability of ingredients under sun exposure. The report also flagged concerning ingredients such as oxybenzone and vitamin A, along with certain spray or powder formulations, warning consumers that these may pose potential health risks.

Expert Opinions

Despite the EWG’s findings, several dermatologists argue that the organization may be cherry-picking studies, inflating potential risks. Dr. Adam Friedman, chair of dermatology at the George Washington University School of Medicine, emphasized that existing data does not support claims that oxybenzone or products containing vitamin A pose significant health hazards.

"There is no compelling evidence that chemical sunscreens are harmful to human health," says Friedman, who contests the EWG’s focus on potentially misleading ingredients. He insists that data shows significant safety profiles for these commonly used products.

Controversies Surrounding Spray Sunscreens

Spray sunscreens, which have garnered popularity for their ease of application, were critiqued in the report for inconsistent coverage and inhalation risks. While some experts agree that improper application can lead to inadequate skin protection, they also assert that research shows no health risks for consumers when using these sprays correctly.

Dr. Elizabeth Bahar Houshmand, a dermatologist in private practice, voiced concerns that the EWG report could discourage sunscreen use altogether, particularly among those who may benefit from spray formulations.

SPF Misconceptions and Regulatory Issues

The report highlighted issues with high SPF claims, arguing that sunscreens with SPF ratings over 50 offer only marginally better protection, which could mislead users. Experts agree that regardless of SPF, proper application remains critical. Dr. Susan Taylor, president of the American Academy of Dermatology, reminds consumers to reapply sunscreen every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating.

Moreover, the EWG suggests that FDA guidelines for sunscreen safety are outdated compared to those in the European Union, emphasizing a need for reform. However, Houshmand defends the current rigorous standards, asserting they protect consumer health effectively.

Navigating Sunscreen Choices

While the EWG report recommends specific sunscreens, experts caution that consumers should not feel disheartened. It’s essential to remember that effective sun protection relies heavily on consistent usage. The consensus among dermatologists is to choose broad-spectrum sunscreens that are water-resistant and have an SPF of 30 or higher.

Conclusion

As summer approaches and sun safety becomes paramount, the best defense remains a proactive and informed approach to skincare. Incorporating additional protective measures—broad-brimmed hats, UV-blocking sunglasses, and seeking shade—can further enhance protection against harmful UV rays. Ultimately, the most effective sunscreen is the one that gets used consistently, ensuring ample protection against sunburn and long-term skin damage.

For those looking to enjoy the sunny days ahead safely, remember: it’s not just about what’s in the bottle, but how and when you apply it.